![]() ![]() In humans, this is mostly in the gastrointestinal tract. Some types can cause problems for the human environment, such as corrosion, fouling, problems with water clarity, and bad smells.Īnaerobes, or anaerobic bacteria, can only grow where there is no oxygen. There are bacteria in the stratosphere, between 6 and 30 miles up in the atmosphere, and in the ocean depths, down to 32,800 feet or 10,000 meters deep.Īerobes, or aerobic bacteria, can only grow where there is oxygen. Share on Pinterest Bacteria can thrive even in extreme environments, such as glaciers.īacteria can be found in soil, water, plants, animals, radioactive waste, deep in the earth’s crust, arctic ice and glaciers, and hot springs. This can contribute to the spread of illness in humans. Pili: These hair-like appendages on the outside of the cell allow it to stick to surfaces and transfer genetic material to other cells.There are some bacteria that can have more than one. Flagellum: This is used for movement, to propel some types of bacteria.Ribosomes are complex particles made up of RNA-rich granules. Ribosomes: This is where proteins are made, or synthesized.DNA: This contains all the genetic instructions used in the development and function of the bacterium. ![]() Cytoplasm: A gelatinous substance inside the plasma membrane that contains genetic material and ribosomes.The membrane is permeable, which means that substances can pass through it. Plasma membrane: Found within the cell wall, this generates energy and transports chemicals.The cell wall is thicker in some bacteria, called Gram positive bacteria. It is located outside the plasma membrane. The cell wall gives the bacteria its shape. Cell wall: A layer that is made of a polymer called peptidoglycan.Capsule: A layer found on the outside of the cell wall in some bacteria. ![]() Bacteria are prokaryotes, which means they have no nucleus. Bacterial cells are different from plant and animal cells. read more, and tularemia Tularemia Tularemia is infection that is caused by the gram-negative bacteria Francisella tularensis, which is acquired when people have direct contact with infected wild animals, usually rabbits. ![]() The bacteria are spread mainly by the rat flea. read more, plague Plague and Other Yersinia Infections Plague is a severe infection caused by the gram-negative bacteria Yersinia pestis and often involving the lymph nodes and/or lungs. Botulism toxins, usually consumed in food, can weaken or paralyze. read more, botulism Botulism Botulism is a rare, life-threatening poisoning caused by toxins produced by the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum. Anthrax may affect the skin, the lungs, or, rarely, the digestive. These bacteria include those that cause anthrax Anthrax Anthrax is a potentially fatal infection with Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria (see figure ). Such use is contrary to international law and has rarely taken place during formal warfare in modern history, despite the. Many resident flora are actually helpful to people-for example, by helping them digest food or by preventing the growth of other, more dangerous bacteria.Ĭertain bacteria have the potential to be used as biological weapons Biological Weapons Biological warfare is the use of microbiological agents as weapons. There are at least as many bacteria in our resident flora as there are cells in the body. Such bacteria are called resident flora Resident Flora Healthy people live in harmony with most of the microorganisms that establish themselves on or in (colonize) nonsterile parts of the body, such as the skin, nose, mouth, throat, large intestine. Many bacteria live on and in the bodies of people and animals-on the skin and in the airways, mouth, and digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts-without causing any harm. Some bacteria have been reported even to live in radioactive waste. They live in soil, seawater, and deep within the earth’s crust. There are thousands of different kinds of bacteria, and they live in every conceivable environment all over the world. They are among the earliest known life forms on earth. Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms. ![]()
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